The Sildaria sturgeon, a prehistoric fish species that swam alongside dinosaurs and has been unseen since the 1960s, may still inhabit the muddy rivers of southern Kazakhstan. Researchers, led by aquatic biologist Bernie Kuhaida, are on a mission to ascertain if this species has escaped extinction, despite facing significant threats from human activity.
These sturgeons are the smallest of 26 species, measuring only 22 centimeters, and boast unique features like a long flat nose and rows of bone plates. They have survived numerous environmental changes over 162 million years but are now severely endangered due to human-induced habitat destruction, including the construction of dams that disrupt river flow and spawning sites.
Globally, sturgeons face catastrophic population declines, with 17 of 25 species at high risk and overall populations down by 94% since 1970. Effects of agriculture and mining have further exacerbated their decline through pollution and habitat alteration.
Despite the grim outlook, Kuhaida and his team remain hopeful. They are looking for signs of surviving populations and preparing to use established conservation methods if any are found. Notably, local fishermen reported potential sightings, adding urgency to the mission. The researchers are now combing the riverbed, hoping that these ancient fish continue to thrive beneath the surface.
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